三九養(yǎng)生堂記者 鄧肯·蓋伊 報道
精彩| 記??(ji)者??(zhe)：請??(qing)您??(nin)簡??(jian)要??(yao)介??(jie)紹??(shao)一??(yi)下??(xia)剛??(gang)剛??(gang)于??(yu)9月??(yue)底??(di)結(jié)??(jie)束??(shu)口??(kou)頭祝(tou)程??(cheng)序?(xu)的??(de)國?(guo)際?(ji)海??(hai)洋??(yang)法??(fa)法??(fa)庭??(ting)咨??(zi)詢??(xun)意?(yi)見??(jian)案??(an)的??(de)基??(ji)本??(ben)情??(qing)況??(kuang)??。?? 本??(ben)案??(an)實??(shi)體??(ti)問??(wen)題??(ti)涉??(she)及??(ji)《公??(gong)約??(yue)》和??(he)《框??(kuang)架??(jia)公??(gong)約??(yue)》體?(ti)系??(xi)的??(de)關(guān)??(guan)系??(xi)、溫??(wen)室??(shi)氣??(qi)體??(ti)排??(pai)放??(fang)是??(shi)否??(fou)構(gòu)??(gou)成??(cheng)污??(wu)染??(ran)等??(deng)問??(wen)題??(ti)??，各??(ge)方??(fang)觀??(guan)點?(dian)主??(zhu)要??(yao)分??(fen)為??(wei)三??(san)類??(lei)??。??第??(di)一??(yi)類??(lei)觀?(guan)點??(dian)認??(ren)為??(wei)《公??(gong)約??(yue)》在??(zai)處??(chu)理??(li)氣??(qi)候??(hou)變??(bian)化??(hua)對??(dui)海??(hai)洋??(yang)影??(ying)響??(xiang)方??(fang)面??(mian)居??(ju)于??(yu)中??(zhong)心??(xin)地??(di)位??(wei)??。溫??(wen)室??(shi)氣??(qi)體??(ti)排??(pai)放??(fang)屬??(shu)于??(yu)《公?(gong)約??(yue)》下??(xia)的?(de)“海??(hai)洋??(yang)環(huán)??(huan)境??(jing)污?(wu)染??(ran)”??，《公??(gong)約??(yue)》締??(di)約??(yue)國?(guo)在??(zai)此?(ci)方??(fang)面??(mian)承??(cheng)擔?(dan)比?(bi)《框??(kuang)架??(jia)公??(gong)約??(yue)》體??(ti)系??(xi)更??(geng)多??(duo)的??(de)義??(yi)務(wù)??(wu)??。如??(ru)未?(wei)能??(neng)實?(shi)現(xiàn)??(xian)《巴??(ba)黎??(li)協(xié)??(xie)定??(ding)》設(shè)??(she)定??(ding)的?(de)溫?(wen)控?(kong)目??(mu)標??(biao)??，可?(ke)觸??(chu)發(fā)??(fa)國??(guo)家??(jia)責??(ze)任??(ren)和??(he)《公??(gong)約??(yue)》爭??(zheng)端??(duan)解??(jie)決??(jue)機??(ji)制??(zhi)??。受??(shou)氣??(qi)候??(hou)變??(bian)化??(hua)影??(ying)響??(xiang)較??(jiao)大??(da)的??(de)小??(xiao)島??(dao)嶼??(yu)國??(guo)家??(jia)、孟??(meng)加??(jia)拉??(la)國??(guo)和??(he)一??(yi)些??(xie)非??(fei)洲??(zhou)國??(guo)家??(jia)等??(deng)持??(chi)此??(ci)類??(lei)觀??(guan)點??(dian)??。第??(di)二??(er)類??(lei)觀??(guan)點??(dian)認??(ren)為??(wei)《公??(gong)約??(yue)》和??(he)《框??(kuang)架??(jia)公??(gong)約??(yue)》體??(ti)系??(xi)互??(hu)為??(wei)補??(bu)充??(chong)??。盡??(jin)管??(guan)溫??(wen)室??(shi)氣??(qi)體??(ti)排?(pai)放??(fang)構(gòu)??(gou)成??(cheng)《公??(gong)約??(yue)》下??(xia)的??(de)“海??(hai)洋??(yang)環(huán)??(huan)境??(jing)污??(wu)染??(ran)”??，但??(dan)締??(di)約??(yue)國??(guo)在??(zai)《公??(gong)約??(yue)》下??(xia)承??(cheng)擔??(dan)的??(de)海??(hai)洋??(yang)環(huán)??(huan)保??(bao)義??(yi)務(wù)??(wu)原??(yuan)則??(ze)上??(shang)不??(bu)應(yīng)??(ying)超??(chao)越??(yue)《框??(kuang)架?(jia)公??(gong)約??(yue)》體??(ti)系??(xi)的??(de)范??(fan)圍??(wei)??，并??(bing)且??(qie)本??(ben)案??(an)不??(bu)涉??(she)及??(ji)國??(guo)家?(jia)責??(ze)任??(ren)問??(wen)題??(ti)??。歐??(ou)盟??(meng)、英??(ying)國??(guo)、澳??(ao)大??(da)利??(li)亞??(ya)等??(deng)持?(chi)此??(ci)類??(lei)觀??(guan)點??(dian)??。第??(di)三??(san)類??(lei)觀??(guan)點??(dian)認??(ren)為??(wei)??，處?(chu)理??(li)氣??(qi)候??(hou)變??(bian)化??(hua)對??(dui)海??(hai)洋??(yang)的??(de)影?(ying)響??(xiang)應(yīng)??(ying)遵??(zun)循??(xun)《框??(kuang)架??(jia)公??(gong)約??(yue)》體?(ti)系??(xi)這??(zhe)一??(yi)應(yīng)??(ying)對??(dui)氣??(qi)候??(hou)變??(bian)化??(hua)的??(de)主??(zhu)渠??(qu)道??(dao)??。溫??(wen)室??(shi)氣??(qi)體??(ti)排??(pai)放??(fang)不??(bu)構(gòu)??(gou)成??(cheng)污??(wu)染??(ran)??。即??(ji)便??(bian)認??(ren)為??(wei)《公??(gong)約?(yue)》部??(bu)分??(fen)條??(tiao)款??(kuan)有?(you)適??(shi)用??(yong)空??(kong)間??(jian)??，也??(ye)須??(xu)充??(chong)分??(fen)尊??(zun)重??(zhong)各??(ge)國??(guo)發(fā)??(fa)展??(zhan)權(quán)??(quan)利??(li)和??(he)《框?(kuang)架??(jia)公??(gong)約??(yue)》體?(ti)系??(xi)的?(de)規(guī)??(gui)則??(ze)、原??(yuan)則??(ze)和??(he)精??(jing)神??(shen)??，不?(bu)得??(de)超?(chao)出??(chu)其??(qi)范??(fan)圍??(wei)??。中??(zhong)國??(guo)及??(ji)印??(yin)度??(du)、印??(yin)度?(du)尼??(ni)西??(xi)亞??(ya)等??(deng)發(fā)??(fa)展??(zhan)中??(zhong)大??(da)國?(guo)持??(chi)此??(ci)類??(lei)觀??(guan)點??(dian)??。
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